How to stop AI chatbots going rogue

Large language models like Grok, ChatGPT and Gemini don't know what's true or harmful.

At Full Fact, we believe in asking tough questions about how these systems are built and deployed.

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Recent fact checks

A number of Reform UK politicians have claimed there are 1.2 million “illegal immigrants” in the UK.

A person holding a boarding pass and passport.

This figure isn’t reliable. It appears to be based on an estimate by a think tank that has since acknowledged its methodology was flawed.

Immigration figures

A video shared online has claimed green card holders can’t leave or enter the US due to an executive order.

This isn’t correct. President Trump has restricted the entry of foreign nationals from some countries, but this doesn’t apply to lawful permanent residents.

US travel restrictions

Social media posts have claimed HMRC will automatically be notified of every purchase over £1,000 from 1 January 2026.